Meaning of Yasashii in Japanese

Yasashii is a Japanese word meaning gentle or kind. Learn more about its pronunciation and usag ein the Japanese language below. Pronunciation Click here to listen to the audio file. Meaning gentle; sweet; tender; kind Japanese Characters å„ ªÃ£ â€"㠁„ や㠁•ã â€"㠁„ Example Translation Watashi no obasan wa totemo yasashii hito desu.ç § Ã£  ®Ã£ Å Ã£  °Ã£ â€¢Ã£â€šâ€œÃ£  ¯Ã£  ¨Ã£  ¦Ã£â€šâ€šÃ¥â€ž ªÃ£ â€"㠁„ä º ºÃ£  §Ã£ â„¢Ã£â‚¬â€š or in English: My aunt is a very gentle person.

The 1960s Of The United States - 925 Words

The United States of America has always seemed to have a sense of confidence in in itself and its people like no other country on the planet. This paper will discuss the affect the 1960s had on the cultural movement in The United States. With The Cold War at its peak, The American people were tenacious in being the number one global power. In the 1960s, The U.S. seemed to develop a new certainty in itself that was caused by the growing determination to be a superior nation to that of the Soviet Union. The United States not only wanted, but also needed to have the best military, the better space program, and also even be the best at certain pastime activities. Everything was a hostile competition between the two nations. As tensions rose between The US and The USSR, America’s assurance to be the best seemed to rise as well. The era of two hegemons was at full peak, the communist Soviets and the capitalist Americans were in full hostility. During this time â€Å"there was more acceptance in American society of the need for large armed forces as an instrument of foreign policy.† America needed to assert its dominance as a strong, if not the strongest military power in the world and the American public knew that was the way to combat communism and the Soviets. Although there was no physical combat between the superpowers, that didn’t decrease the tension between the two nations. Some major events involving the American military that affected the culture movement during the 1960sShow MoreRelatedThe 1960s Of The United States2314 Words   |  10 PagesThe 1960s in the United States was known for being a period of change. These changes were social, political, and environmental and left long lasting results on the country. People were challenging tradition and breaking free from their conservat ive pasts in the year’s prior in order to bring about reform to their country. The 1960s was a time where war was very prevalent and this resulted in changes of daily life. Art was transformed as a result and different artists brought new techniques and inspirationsRead MoreThe 1960s in the United States Essay487 Words   |  2 PagesThe 1960s in the United States To some people the 1960s were the best of times, to others it was a period where many things went wrong in society. Why do people have such different ideas about the 1960s? Many people who lived through the 60s decade feel it was revolutionary; a ‘swinging’ period after years of austerity and gloom with the young people commanding the army of change. This view however, has been challenged. Some think that the 60s have a misguidedRead MoreThe 1960s: A Tumultuous Period in the History of the United States712 Words   |  3 PagesThe 1960s was a tumultuous period in the history of the United States accented by riots, protests, an embarrassing and costly war, a presidential assassination, and the opening of a new relationship with an old friend (Kopkind, 1972). The early part of the decade witnessed the country electing its first Catholic President who led the country through a crisis with the its arch-enemy, the Soviet Union, only to see that same President lose his life by way of assassination at the hand of an individualRead MoreThe Influence of the Student Protest Movement on United States 1960s1288 Words   |  6 PagesThe 1960’s was a decade filled with controversies and the fight for equality. The Student Protest Movement was the fuel to the fire that feed many protests on several important matters. At the beginning the students stood for a positive change in America. It is certain th at such beliefs gave theses activist the title of dreamers. They would start small but eventually make their way up against the government, also known as â€Å"the man†. The beginning of the movement held different beliefs from what eventuallyRead MoreThe Anti-War Movement in the United States During the late 1960s and Early 1970s1683 Words   |  7 PagesThe Anti-War Movement in the United States During the late 1960s and Early 1970s By 1967 a national movement against the war had developed. Some of the opposition came from socialists or radicals who sympathized with the Vietnamese and wanted to help create a united, independent, Vietnam. Pacifists were also against the war because they believe that all war is wrong. Other people just believed that the war was not worth the lives of American men. The Vietnam War wasRead MoreDuring the 1960s, a new culture spread throughout the United States, stirring up the Flower Power800 Words   |  4 PagesDuring the 1960s, a new culture spread throughout the United States, stirring up the Flower Power movement as well as the aversion from the typical American lifestyle. These â€Å"Hippies† as they were known, didn’t want to fit in with the mainstream crowd. The name â€Å"hippie† was taken from the term â€Å"hipster†. It described how the Hippies believed that we should make love, not war, their vocal opposition to the United States’ involvement in the Vietnam War, and the increasingly rocky road to shared civilRead MoreThe Issues Of Urban Poverty1197 Words   |  5 Pagestransformed in the 1960s from the start of the decade. The 1960s consisted of new rights and new understandings of freedom. The sixties consisted of rights for racial minorities to be involved in the mainstream of the American lifestyle. However, unsolved issues of urban poverty still existed. Women in the 1960s established a conversion in women’s status, for instance, women entered the paid workforce. America experienced a growth of conservative movements, consequently, the 1960s would confront judgmentRead MoreWhat Caused The Rise Of Protesters Throughout The 1960s? Essay1448 Words   |  6 PagesThe 1960s in the United States of America was an era of protests. Americans from the 1960s era experienced social changes that caused Americans to revolt of the Establishment of the 1950s. Racial discrimination, gender equality, and poverty are certain specific of the problems that Americans sought the need to identify of what caused the rise of protesters throughout the 1960s. The youth generation from the era â€Å"baby boomers† were the causes for the determination for the 1960s. The parents of theRead MoreThe Vietnam War and Its Effects on Society During the 1960s1594 Words   |  7 PagesTh e 1960s were a time of radical change in the society of America. A sense of liberalism could be felt though out the counting during the middle of the decade. The infamous Vietnam War and the new alternative culture were pushing the United States towards a time of liberalism and a nationwide rebellion against the social norms. The first combat forces were sent to Da Nang in 1965, by a formally anti war President, Lyndon B Johnson. The question of why the United States was engaging in a war betweenRead MoreEssay on The Cold War and West Germany 1960-19701442 Words   |  6 PagesThe Cold War and West Germany 1960-1970 During the formative years of the Cold War, Germany had become both the potential balancer and ideological battleground between the East and the West. After Stalins death in 1953 tensions between the United States and the Soviet Union seemed to be improving. However, by the late 1950s when Khruschev took over power, hostility was on the rise due to his efforts to bully the United States into dà ©tente through intimidation. Khruschev wished for, among

Essay on Attitudes - Components and Aspects

Question: What are the main components of attitudes? What aspects of attitude theory might be of interest to those in business? Answer: According to McGuire, attitudes are responses that locate objects of thought on dimensions of judgment (Fiske, Gilbert and Lindzey, 2010). Attitude is defined as a set of attitudes or emotions, behaviors or beliefs towards a particular person, event or object. Psychologists define attitude as a tendency of evaluating things in a perceived way. The perceptions may be positive or negative in nature. They can be implicit as well as explicit in nature. In social psychology, attitudes may be affected by social norms and social roles. The social roles relates to the expectation of behavior of people in a particular context. The social norms account for the rules that are considered appropriate in nature. As defined by Staats, the three functions of attitude are conditioned stimulus, reinforcing stimulus and discriminative stimulus function. An attitude change is the change in individuals perception towards a certain event or person. There are certain theories related to change in attitude. The theories are as follows: Learning Theory offers an account of the processes involved in storing residual values of direct and symbolic experience. These objects are portrayed as habits, emotions and cognitions. The cognitions are acquired from symbolic communication that is not involved in acquisition of emotions. Elaboration Likelihood Theory is an accounting for the changes observed in attitude. Attitudes are formed and changed after careful integration and consideration of human attitude or issues (Acrwebsite.org, 2015) Cognitive Dissonance Theory- Cognitive dissonance is a situation involving conflicting beliefs, attitude or behaviors. This may produce discomfort that leads to a change in ones attitudes, beliefs or behaviors in order to restore balance. This theory was propounded by Leon Festinger seeking the idea of bring about a balance or consistency in ones behavior or attitude (Stedman, 2002) The attitude has three main components which are also called the ABC Model of Attitudes. The ABC model stands for- Affective, Behavioral and Cognitive components of attitude. The affective component of attitude refers to the feelings or emotions that are linked to an object or person. Attitudes are influenced by affective responses in numerous ways. It follows a belief or evaluation of the attitude towards an object. The responses can be verbal in nature. The verbal response comprises of expressions like appreciation, disdain or disgust. There may also be nonverbal in nature. The nonverbal expressions involve body gestures or facial expressions as affective responses. The affective component is a concern towards target language, or anxiety about learning it. It is defined as a feeling based evaluative component. Affective component of attitude also expresses and validates the moral belief or value systems (Ajzen, 2010). The behavior is based upon ones own behavior that may be weak or ambiguous in nature. In an organization, if the person who believes is working hard may get angry or frustrated if he is not appreciated or promoted. The affective component becomes stronger because the individual gets a direct experience with the situation or person. Affect is considered to be an emotional component of attitude. The affective component is reflected by statements like I prefer that or I like this. The psychological indicators such as changes in electrical resistance of skin and blood pressure indicate emotional arousal. Such indicators display changes in emotions by measuring psychological arousal. A change in arousal might be shown if an individual tried to hide his or her feelings (P. G. Aquinas., 2009). The affective component at a workplace defines what the employee feels about at organization. The behavioral component of attitude refers to the behavior or a consisting attitude of a person towards an object, person or event. It is also called the conative component that has influences upon how one acts or behaves to situations. It is an evaluation of behavioral component towards an event or situation with regard to a persons verbal statements concern behavior. This component of attitudes represents a tendency of an individual to behave in a perceived way. This is the only component of attitude that is visible in nature. The other two components can only be inferred. It is also influenced by the attitudes people have been following in their past towards a situation or person (Robinson, Shaver and Wrightsman, ). The self-perception theory uses knowledge or attitude to make a sense out of any action taken. The peoples attitude in a workplace or an organization largely stems from various factors like job involvement, job satisfaction and organizational commitment. In an organiz ation, consistency and satisfaction are the primary things that people seek. Job satisfaction refers to the general attitude or level of satisfaction of employees towards their job. Psychological identification is done by job involvement of people. The degree to which an employee identifies goals of a particular job is job involvement. At a workplace, the behavioral component means what an employee thinks must be his behavior as per situations and to people. The cognitive component is the belief, attribute or knowledge about a person or object. A persons attitude might be based upon both positive and negative attributes the individual associates with an object. An attitude or belief towards an object may newly be formed under this component of attitude. The perceptions or concepts are usually expressed by verbal questions. The cognitive component maybe categorized into verbal and non verbal responses. The verbal responses refer to the expression of beliefs towards an object. The nonverbal responses are difficult to assess. The information provided about attitudes is mostly indirect in nature. The component mainly involves thoughts and beliefs (Maio and Haddock, 2015). Discrimination is wrong, being a belief, is a value statement. This forms the cognitive component of attitude. The cognitive elements are evaluative beliefs that measured by asking about thoughts. They may also be measured in scales. The cognitive component forms the more c ritical part of attitude. At a workplace, the cognitive component defines what an employee believes to be true about the job, regarding the duties and responsibilities. People can experience different moods at work. The moods can be categorized into positive and negative mood. Such an attitude is caused by certain events or happenings at a workplace. The employees feel enthusiastic, active, elated, excited and peppy when they have a feeling of positivity. The negative moods are reflected by feeling nervous, jittery, scornful, fearful or hostile. Such moods also affect an organizational behavior that turn into attitudes towards the organization. A subordinate may feel stronger if motivated by the superior. Similarly, a manager may feel elated with a positive attitude of employees. The basic need of an organization is to keep a balance between emotions of what the employees, client or customers and managers feel about the organization. The summation of everything relates to profitability, smooth functioning and long running of an organization. The feelings are expressed in both verbal and non verbal expressions (Hellriegel and Slocum, 2007). There are several kinds of attitudes withheld by people at a workplace. Every human being has his own attitudes and perceptions towards issues and people. They see things differently, and the level of satisfaction varies in every person. Job involvement is the level of involvement of employee how they relate to the organization. It is an attitude of a psychological relation between a person and the organization. The involvement in a job by an employee determines the commitment he has towards the organization. It also acts as an evidence for people who are strongly attached to the job. Job involvement is an identification of worth of work and value in an employees life. Employees can engross themselves in a work highly. They also invest their time and energy to provide a fundamental basis in overall life. Higher organizational citizenship and creation of self image is formed with more job involvement. Higher the job involvement more is the psychological empowerment. The traumatic effects of job loss are explained by employees holding meaningful jobs. They construct self image and explain the loss of job effects on esteem needs. Every company has a different code of conduct or ethics, which can be explained by the empl oyees by exhibiting high growth needs. Such employees also make an involvement in decision making. Job involvement at a workplace helps in reducing absenteeism and turnover rates. A high involvement by the manager in the company satisfies the employees working under him. Such involvement is important for an organizations effectiveness and in maintaining a highly competitive environment. Job Satisfaction is an attitude of satisfaction of content that individuals carry in an organization. As quoted by Brown, "Take away my people, but leave my factories, and soon grass will grow on the factory floors. Take away my factories, but leave my people, and soon we will have a new and better factory" (Griffiths and Costi, 2011). There are several factors or aspects in a job such as promotional opportunities, pay or wage and the role of co-workers that are played in the base of job satisfaction. The determinants of job satisfaction are certain policies and procedures, supervisors style and other work environments that affect the level of job satisfaction. It may also be defined as a set of emotions that may be favorable or unfavorable in nature that employees perceive from their work in the company. It is an affective attitude by nature. An employee can have likes or dislikes towards their job or position in the company. This may be viewed as an overall attitude that may be app lied to various parts of work. It may be related to positivity that one perceives in the organization. There may be certain negative feelings carried by the employees in an organization that also relates to job satisfaction. Organizational Commitment may be defined as strength of identification and involvement in an organization. It may be termed as a state when an employee identifies oneself with a particular organization. He may also relate himself with the goals of the organization and work in the required way to attain the objectives. Organizational commitment is the willingness of an employee to remain as a working element of the company. The commitment reflects the employees belief in attaining the goals of the company. Where there is a high level of job involvement, there is high organizational commitment. It may be identified as a relationship between job productivity and organizational commitment. The commitment is described by the willingness in the employee for the organization to fulfill the duties and responsibilities. There must be development of new ideas to make a company better. One must take initiatives to resolve problems or issues in the organization. It is an individuals identificati on for a strong desire, strong belief in the organization. There are certain aspects of attitude that might interest to a business and they look forward in their employees and managers. These set of attitudes are appreciated and required in individuals for effective working and functioning of the organization. Such aspects help in resolution of conflicts and create a positive environment at a workplace. Assertiveness is an attitude of being confident and self-assured without being passive or aggressive. A good leader must be assertive in nature. At a workplace, one must be assertive in nature. One must have patience to listen to others problems. One must also be patient for their queries or issues to get resolved. A passive behavior is nit appreciated in the organization. One must focus on leading. It is the responsibility of individuals to guide others if other goes wrong. A proactive nature is also considered important. One must frame a set of possible future implications and map a plan of action. The sharing of ideas must be communicated as headlines by the leader. One must have an attentive mind. One must demonstrate that he is listening and not just hearing message. Respectfulness is an important attitude in an organization. Employees must treat each other with respect. There must be a respectful attitude in the organization among colleagues and peers, clients and customers. Respectfulness is having a consideration for oneself and other. In a workplace, mutual respect is very important. A common goal in all organizations is profitability. One must consider taking viewpoint of others as well as state ones own state. The motivations can be better understood if there is a respectful communication among employees. The knowledge must be valued that are presented by the people. There must be places to be agreed or connected for support. In a workplace, one must acknowledge the feeling and self esteem of others. It is not necessary that the individual self will be right at all times. A good listener is always welcomed in an organization. Even in case of a workplace conflict, there must be ways devised to resolute such conflicts with respect. One must a bide by the ethics of organization, learn the art of small talk and take things in a lighter manner. There must be presentation of opinions and treat colleagues as one expects to be treated. There must be maintenance of confidentiality. Pridefulness is an attitude both positive and negative in nature. Prideful does not mean that an employee would not accept or help in teams. Instead it means that the improvement in connection and getting recognition for the work performed by them. The leaders often look the importance of pride in an organization. Pride acts as a motivation to employees in retaining or developing their personnel. It is also useful to maintain standards in the organization. The company must make the employee feel proud by giving recognition to his work. Pride can be negative in nature that makes a person as mean and not welcomed in the organization. Pride is a desire to lift an employee beyond the place. Commitment is an important aspect of attitude at a workplace. It is of great value in a workplace as the companies need such people who are committed to the organization, its goals, its mission and its values. The commitment is described by the willingness in the employee for the organization to fulfill the duties and responsibilities. There must be development of new ideas to make a company better. One must take initiatives to resolve problems or issues in the organization. It is an individuals identification for a string desire, strong belief in the organization. The commitment reflects the employees belief in attaining the goals of the company. Where there is a high level of job involvement, there is high organizational commitment. It may be identified as a relationship between job productivity and organizational commitment. Innovation is a significant change that the employees construct in the organization. The innovation may arise in a product, process, position or paradigm. There may be innovation in the mentioned parameters to bring about a change in the working of organization that helps in attaining goals. The concept of innovation is diverse. It is a trait that is intangible in nature. But it relates to the capacities of thinking and developing ideas that may benefit the organization. Organizations can provide training to the employees in order to enhance their mental growth. Creativity that may be applied in attaining organizational goals may be tangible in nature. It is a behavior of employees that pursues a measuring process in order to measure results. Helpfulness is an indicator that assists clients and customers, or the behavior of helping each other at a workplace. The attitude must be willing to help others in times of need regarding some work that the person is difficult to understand. The managers must help the employees that drive motivation in them. A good leader is a person who helps the workers in times of difficulty. There must be a trust built among employees of the organization by enhancing the working relationships. The teamwork must be improved. Team work helps in inculcating the attitude of helpfulness in an individual. Helpfulness must extend focusing on problem solving for oneself as well as others. An attitude of conflict resolution is appreciated in the organization. Punctuality is another attitude that involves timeliness. One must commit to arrive and leave on time. There must be a thinking to prepare the work on time within the given time frame. The meetings conducted must begin on time. Time is money. The employees should not waste their time as well as others. The managers must consider beginning the meetings so that no time is wasted for the people attending the meetings. This must be confirmed y the managers or superiors conducting meetings. Te employees must consider meeting the deadlines for work. There should not be a lag in work relating to time frame. Punctuality or very less absenteeism must be acknowledged in the organization. One must have a clear understanding of purpose of ones job. There must be a critical assessment of different tasks. Priority of task completion must be allocated smartly by the workers. Conclusion Attitude helps in motivating and decision making at a workplace. The affective, behavioral and cognitive components of attitude play an important role in the organization. The aspects of attitude like assertiveness, punctuality, helpfulness, innovation, commitment, Pridefulness and helpfulness plays an important role in determining the success of an organization. Such qualities or working attitudes are appreciated in the organization as it helps in attaining organizational goals missions and objectives. The aspect of attitude is mainly determined by three ways that is job involvement, job satisfaction and organizational commitment. It is important to maintain decorum in the working of organization with a positive attitude. The managers and employees must work efficiently in a positive manner. A common goal in all organizations is profitability. One must have a clear understanding of purpose of ones job. There must be a critical assessment of different tasks. . The determinants of job satisfaction are certain policies and procedures, supervisors style and other work environments that affect the level of job satisfaction. . There must be development of new ideas to make a company better. One must take initiatives to resolve problems or issues in the organization. References Acrwebsite.org, (2015). The Elaboration Likelihood Model: Limitations and Extensions in Marketing by Mary J. Bitner and Carl Obermiller. [online] Available at: https://www.acrwebsite.org/volumes/6427/volumes/v12/NA-12 [Accessed 27 Jul. 2015]. Ajzen, I. (2010).Predicting and Changing Behavior. Psychology Press. Fiske, S., Gilbert, D. and Lindzey, G. (2010). The handbook of social psychology. Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley. Greenwald, A., Brock, T. and Ostrom, T. (1969). Psychological foundations of attitudes. New York and London: Academic Press. Griffiths, C. and Costi, M. (2011).GRASP. Cardiff: Proactive Press. Hellriegel, D. and Slocum, J. (2007).Organizational behavior. Mason, Ohio: Thomson/South-Western. Maio, G. and Haddock, G. (2015).The psychology of attitudes attitude change. London: Sage publications ltd. P. G. Aquinas., (2009).Essentials of organisation behaviour. [S.l.]: Excel Books. Robinson, J., Shaver, P. and Wrightsman, L. (2013).Measures of social psychological attitudes. Academic Press. Stedman, R. (2002). Toward a Social Psychology of Place: Predicting Behavior from Place-Based Cognitions, Attitude, and Identity. Environment and Behavior, 34(5), pp.561-581.

Saginaw, Mi Essays - Saginaw, Michigan, Saginaw County, Michigan

Saginaw, Mi Saginaw, Michigan Welcome to my hometown of Saginaw, Michigan. I loved growing up in this great city and so did my family. Saginaw has an abundance of history with its lumber, automobile plants, and shipping. I chose a website by the name of Saginaw County, Michigan. It has the best accuracy of all the websites that I looked at throughout the infoseek search engine. A corporation by the name of Multimag Michigan maintains this site. They have a lot of sites about the different cities throughout Michigan and since Saginaw has lots of history to go along with it, they chose to write an article on it too. The authors of the site go into some good detail about the history of Saginaw. It's not quite as good as a novel, but it gives you a good base and some very interesting facts that you might not know. Since the corporation that made the site is widely known and does lots of research about the state, they are very creditable. Everything that was stated on the pages, including the links, was accurate to my knowledge and I've done reports on our city in the past. All the information within the site was about Saginaw, Michigan. There were links on the side of the homepage to go to other sites, but it mostly had to do with Saginaw. The authors showed an abundance of photo shots of historical buildings and places throughout the site. The site was easy to understand, the information was clear, and it was easy to move within the site. There were some quick access hyper-links to other sites that had to do with Saginaw and there was also internal links to other pages that were about Saginaw. All in all, I believe that this was a fun site to learn from because it was easy to move around, and it was accurate. I enjoy learning about history and this was a great site to do it from, especially since it was about my hometown, in which I already have some knowledge about. I liked how it discussed the lumber, fur trading, shipping, and auto industries. It linked together with everything that I've been learning about in my Michigan, History class. History Reports

Aparteid essays

Aparteid essays The idea of apartheid started in South Africa around the year 1910. This all came about when Britain took over South Africa. The British thought that whites should be superior to all other races and that they should live better life styles than anyone that was not white. The rules of apartheid applied to all non - whites, and not just blacks even though blacks made up most of South Africa. The British split these non - whites into 3 racial catagories; Africans,Coloureds(those mixed of African and European descent), and Asians. Under the rules of Apartheid whites had a high standard of living while non - whites suffered from poverty and were very discriminated against. Apartheid was especially harsh on blacks. blacks could not vote and it was unheard of for a black person to be in politics. All non - whites had to carry a passbook that included information such as place of birth, date of birth, race, place of employment, and tax records. All non - whites were restricted to live on their designated reserve. The Native Land Act prevented non - whites from buying or owning land outside their reserve. The Group Areas Act divided 13 percent of South Africa into 10 homelands for black population. The rest of south Africa was reserved for whites. Coloureds and Asians lived within the white areas in segregated towns. Even though whites only took up one fifth of the population they still owned much more land than the four fifths of non - whites. Only one fourth of the whites lived on farms while the rest lived in cities. Almost all non - whites lived on farm areas and their homes were small huts made of sod and grass. They looked sort of like cone shaped beehives. These areas were called townships. Most blacks would leave their townships when they were teenagers to find work or to find land for mining. ...

New Deal essays

New Deal essays The stock market crash of 1929 helped launch the United States and many other nations into the worst economic depression in history. The severity of the Great Depression called for federal government programs to protect the general welfare of citizens. The New Deal programs created by Franklin D. Roosevelt provided the framework for the welfare state that still serves as a basis for American public policy. All aspects of American society suffered during the Great Depression. By 1932, there were thirteen million people unemployed. There was no security for the millions who lost all of their savings in the bank failure or stock market crash. Volunteer organizations attempted to help the needy, but their resources were simply not adequate. Hope seemed non-existent. Americans had never seen such a severe depression. They could not look to history for guidance. The New Deal was Roosevelts attempt to restore the economy. His willingness to act decisively and experiment with new policies set him apart from previous presidents. He often said, I have no expectation of making a hit every time I come to bat. What I seek is the highest possible batting average. In the first years of Roosevelts term he worked hard to empower the federal branch. The New Deal set the precedent for 20th century liberalism. The first order of business for the Roosevelt administration was financial reform. Banking is a crucial aspect of capitalism and Roosevelt was very aware of this fact. On his second day in office, Roosevelt called Congress to meet in a special session. The outcome was the Emergency Banking Relief Act, which permitted stable banks to reopen and provided managers to those who remained in trouble. The Glass-Steagall Act separated commercial and investment banking and created the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. These actions all helped restore banking confidence within American people. Roosevelt ensured that it was...

Critique Program Development Models-Adult Education Essay

Critique Program Development Models-Adult Education - Essay Example g and implementing educational strategies should culminate in behavioural change in individual learners and within learner groups and systems (Boone et al, 2002). The purpose of adult education programs is to enhance adults’ capacity to participate in society and improve their lives. An adult education program development model should have a clear statement of mission, philosophy, and goals that guides all aspects of program services. Further, it has to meet the needs of the program’s community, as well as the policies of its state and national funding agencies (Comings et al, 2006). The two theorists of adult education selected are: Stephen Brookfield (1986) and Malcolm Shepherd Knowles (1988). The program development models conceptualized by the above theorists are compared and contrasted below. According to Brookfield (1986), facilitators of adult learning should not adopt formulaic responses to widely varying situations. Avoiding orthodoxy, creative application of theory to the unique circumstances of the practice setting is advocated. The institutional model comprises of basic tenets of instructor-learner relationship, in whch the learner is in a submissive position, and is completely dependent on the instructor for achieving learning outcomes. In Knowles’ (1988) andragogical model of program development, there is shift in research and practice from a focus on teaching to a focus on learning. Thus a new emphasis on education was introduced, as a process of facilitating self-directed learning. Another principle is that life-long learning is considered as the organising principle for all education. Institutional culture, politics and technology will all play a part in impacting the program development process (Brookfield, 1986). Brookfield’s (1985) liberal model of adult education is institution-bound because it emphasizes principles of program design and the best use of available delivery systems, to plan a program to meet everyone’s needs.